Introduction
One of the most ancient and cherished holidays of the Azerbaijani people is Novruz, and the preparation for this celebration includes four symbolic Tuesdays, known as “Charshanba.” These are the Tuesdays of Water, Fire, Wind, and Earth. The last of these, known as Last Charshanba, is the most important. It heralds the full arrival of spring and the awakening of the earth.
In this article, we will explore the history and spiritual essence of Last Charshanba, the important role of women in its traditions, and how it is celebrated in today’s world.
The History and Meaning of Last Charshanba
The roots of Last Charshanba go back to ancient times, including the era of Zoroastrianism and the belief systems of early Turks and Persians. People of those times considered natural phenomena as divine forces and believed in their awakening.
As the final Charshanba before Novruz, this day symbolizes the complete awakening of nature, the end of winter, and the dominance of spring. Since it is the last Tuesday of the year, people see it as a chance to cleanse themselves of the sins and mistakes of the past year and enter the new one with a fresh start.
The Role of Women and Their Tasks on Last Charshanba
In Azerbaijani culture, women play a vital role in preparing for Last Charshanba. From cleaning the home to setting the festive table, they are the driving force behind creating a warm holiday atmosphere.
1. House Cleaning – The Most Essential Ritual of Last Charshanba
According to tradition, every corner of the home must be thoroughly cleaned before the evening of Last Charshanba. It is believed that the spiritual energy of Novruz cannot enter a dirty home. Sweeping, dusting, washing windows, and removing broken or unused items are the responsibility of the women. Sometimes, old clothes and belongings are burned to symbolically get rid of bad energy.
2. Water and Fire – Cleansing and Blessing the Family Hearth
On the morning of Last Charshanba, women fetch water from a spring and sprinkle it in the corners of the home — a ritual known as “Water Charshanba.” This water is believed to protect against the evil eye and bring purity and prosperity to the family.
Lighting fire is another key tradition. Women light lamps or candles in the home, bringing light and warmth, symbolizing protection and life.
3. The Last Charshanba Table – A Day of Abundance and Blessings
The festive table is decorated with great care. It traditionally includes:
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Semeni (sprouted wheat) – a symbol of life and abundance
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Sweets (shekerbura, pakhlava, goghal) – for a sweet and prosperous life
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Nuts, dried fruits – to bring wealth and fortune
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Red-dyed eggs – representing rebirth and energy
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Sherbet or fruit juices – symbolizing the sweetness of life
Women take pride in preparing this table, bringing a festive spirit to the home for their families.
Rituals and Beliefs of Last Charshanba
Several mystical rituals and beliefs surround this holiday, adding a unique spiritual charm to the celebration.
1. Jumping Over the Bonfire
On the night of Last Charshanba, people build a bonfire and jump over it, chanting: “Let all my troubles burn away in the fire.” This symbolizes purification from negative energy.
2. Eavesdropping for Fortune Telling
Women, especially young girls, engage in traditional fortune-telling practices. One of the most popular is “ear fortune-telling,” where girls stand near neighbors’ doors at night and interpret their future based on the first words they overhear.
3. Mirror and Candle Ritual
Unmarried girls look into mirrors, hoping to see the reflection of their future husbands — a tradition filled with hope and symbolism.
How Last Charshanba Is Celebrated Today
Even today, the traditions of Last Charshanba are alive. Families gather, share greetings on social media, and prepare beautiful holiday tables. Women decorate the semeni with ornaments and prepare festive spreads. Some young women reimagine ancient fortune-telling rituals in creative ways.
Conclusion: Last Charshanba – A Day of Renewal and Awakening of the Soul
Last Charshanba is more than just a holiday — it is a moment for inner renewal. It offers a symbolic opportunity to leave the burdens of the past behind and embrace new beginnings. Just as our homes are cleaned and our tables are set with blessings, our hearts, too, should be cleansed of old sorrows and opened to the warmth of spring.
This day reminds us that every ending is the beginning of something new. We may not know what the future holds, but like the flames of the bonfire, the hope and love within us must always keep burning.
“May your spring bloom with dreams, your heart smile with peace, and your joy never fade. Happy Last Charshanba!”