INTRODUCTION
Nowruz (Novruz) is one of the oldest and most cherished holidays celebrated for centuries by Turkic-speaking peoples as well as many Eastern nations. This holiday is not only the arrival of spring and the awakening of nature, but also a sacred day that reflects the national identity, traditions, unity, and solidarity of the people. The word “Nowruz” has Persian origins and means “new day,” symbolizing the beginning of spring. The roots of this holiday go back thousands of years, and its official celebration, rituals, and spiritual values have held an important place in the life of the people since ancient times.
Nowruz is not merely a calendar holiday; it is also a symbol of human harmony with nature, abundance, and prosperity. With the arrival of spring, nature revives — the soil warms up, trees blossom, and people continue their lives with new hopes. This article will explore the history of Nowruz, its traditions, table culture, and its significance to our people in detail.
THE HISTORY AND ORIGINS OF NOWRUZ
The history of Nowruz dates back to ancient times, even to the era of Zoroastrianism. Researchers indicate that the holiday is at least 3,000 years old. Traces of Nowruz can also be found in ancient Mesopotamia, Elam, Media, and the territories of modern-day Iran. In the Zoroastrian religion, light, fire, and nature held great importance, and Nowruz was celebrated as a part of this belief system.
Nowruz also has astronomical and natural significance. Spring begins at the vernal equinox, when day and night are equal. On March 20–21, the Sun crosses the equator, heralding the arrival of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. This event becomes a source of renewal and rejuvenation not only in nature but also in people’s minds and beliefs.
Historical records confirm the celebration of Nowruz in the territory of Azerbaijan. References to the holiday can be found in the Orkhon-Yenisei inscriptions and the epic “Book of Dede Korkut.” Ancient Turkic peoples celebrated Nowruz with special ceremonies, and it became an inseparable part of their cultural heritage.
NOWRUZ TRADITIONS
Nowruz is rich in customs and traditions. Preparations begin four weeks in advance, and people celebrate four consecutive Tuesdays known as “Charshanba,” each dedicated to one of the four natural elements:
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Water Tuesday (Su Charshanba) – symbolizes the cleansing and renewing power of water, which is considered the beginning of life.
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Fire Tuesday (Od Charshanba) – associated with warming up after a cold winter and the life-giving energy of the Sun.
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Wind Tuesday (Yel Charshanba) – marks the arrival of spring with the winds and the awakening of the earth.
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Earth Tuesday (Torpaq Charshanba) – signifies the warming of the soil and the full awakening of life.
Each Tuesday evening, bonfires are lit, families and friends gather to pray, and people jump over the fire to rid themselves of the difficulties of the past year.
MAIN SYMBOLS AND RITUALS OF NOWRUZ
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Growing “Semeni” (green sprouts) – Sprouted wheat or barley is grown as a symbol of spring and fertility. Green semeni represents prosperity and abundance.
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Hat throwing – Children leave their hats at neighbors' doors and receive treats and gifts in return.
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Ear fortune-telling (Qulaq falı) – People listen by doors to overhear conversations, interpreting what they hear as signs of luck or misfortune for the coming year.
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Egg fights – A playful tradition symbolizing strength and endurance, especially popular among children and youth.
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Jumping over the fire – As people leap over the fire, they say: “Let my pain and sorrow burn in the fire,” symbolizing purification from sins and negative energy.
DEAR FRIENDS, DEAR READERS!
May Nowruz bring you abundance, prosperity, joy, and happiness!
This holiday is a symbol of new beginnings, pure emotions, and hope.
May your table be rich, your heart full of love, and your home always filled with beautiful days.
May your semeni be lush, your fire bright, and your life as fresh as spring!
May your prayers be heard and your wishes come true!
HAPPY NOWRUZ!